The issue of world trade is currently in the main spotlight in various countries, along with the increasing flow of globalization. The challenges and opportunities emerging in this context can impact economies, the environment and societies around the world. One of the biggest challenges is increasing protectionism. Some countries impose high tariff policies to protect their domestic industries. This policy often triggers trade wars, slowing global economic growth. Uncertainty in trade policy can create doubt among investors, hindering foreign investment and innovation. Apart from that, environmental issues are a significant challenge in world trade. Many companies are trapped in business practices that damage the environment. A clear example is excessive exploitation of natural resources, which threatens the sustainability of the ecosystem. In response to this problem, many countries are starting to implement stricter regulations regarding carbon emissions and resource conservation. On the other hand, globalization offers tremendous opportunities for developing countries. Better access to international markets allows these countries to market their products more widely. For example, the growth of e-commerce has opened the door for small businesses to sell their products globally, increasing employment and income. Technology also plays an important role in facilitating trade. Innovations in information and communications technology have changed the way companies operate, enabling greater efficiency in supply chains. By leveraging technology, companies can reduce production costs and improve product quality, helping them compete in the global market. Another challenge that is no less important is increasing social inequality. When the benefits of global trade are not shared equally, the gap between rich and poor grows wider. This can result in social conflict and political instability, which in turn affects the investment and trade climate. However, international cooperation is key to overcoming this challenge. Organizations such as the WTO play a role in regulating international trade and creating fair agreements. Free trade agreements can benefit all parties, increasing efficiency and innovation through specialization. By taking advantage of existing opportunities and facing challenges proactively, every country in the era of globalization can optimize profits from world trade. A balanced approach between environmental protection, social justice and economic growth is becoming increasingly important. This will not only maintain global economic stability but also ensure sustainability for future generations. In facing world trade issues, education and training to increase the competitiveness of human resources must be a priority. The government also needs to create policies that support innovation and research, so that industry can adapt and grow in line with rapid change. The establishment of trade networks and collaboration between countries can create a better ecosystem for sustainable growth. Better implementation of technology and information, including the use of big data and analytics, can help companies understand market trends and consumer needs in more depth. Looking from a geopolitical perspective, it is important for governments to remain alert to changes in global power dynamics that could impact trade. Collaboration and dialogue between countries is important to build trust and prevent future conflict. World trade in the era of globalization has become more complex and diverse, creating interrelated challenges and opportunities. Through a holistic and inclusive approach, we can ensure that global trade continues to thrive while protecting the interests of all parties involved.